二 |     The Vietnam Association for the Victims of Agent Orange/Dioxin (VAVA) plays an important role in efforts to deal with the consequences of the US’ inhumane war. It has been helping victims of Agent Orange and representing their interests in the fight for justice for more than 18 years.,In an interview with Sputnik, Lieutenant General Dr. Dang Nam Dien, VAVA’s vice president and secretary general, explained that, “Over the past 18 years, VAVA has raised more than 30 trillion dong (some $1,300,000) and built 26 rehabilitation and care centers for Agent Orange victims. We also create jobs, provide vocational training, and offer them livelihood opportunities.”,VAVA also pays great attention to the involvement of volunteers and socio-political organizations in helping victims. The secretariat of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam has mandated party committees at all levels to take the lead in dealing with the consequences of the use of pesticides during the Vietnam War, and VAVA monitors how party bodies across the country comply with this directive.,Nguyen Thang Long, director of the Vietnam Social Protection Center for Agent Orange/Dioxin victims located in Yen Binh Commune, Thach That district of Hanoi, spoke about the measures taken by the government.,“The victims of Agent Orange are given low-interest loans to start their own businesses and productive labor. We have a program to provide housing at no cost to families of victims who are in especially difficult situations. There are free de-toxification programs every year. The VAVA gives money for medication to all Agent Orange victims who come to our Center.”,“In recent years, the association has worked with the Veterans Association of Vietnam (VAVN) and the Vietnamese Volunteer Youth Association to review the use of the benefits intended for victims of Agent Orange/dioxin by people who were not involved in the war and were not exposed to this poisonous defoliant. At the same time, the association is actively cooperating with the relevant authorities to have real victims of Agent Orange recognized and entitled to state benefits as soon as possible,” Dang Nam Dien continued.,VAVA is actively fighting to seek justice for the victims. The association has organized lawsuits against chemical companies in the US, but they were never concluded. Dang Nam Dien explained:,“We understand that this is a very long process. Therefore, in the near future, we intend to join with the World Peace Council, the International Association of Democratic Lawyers, and other peace-loving organizations such as the Japan Council against Atomic and Hydrogen Bombs in the fight for justice for the victims of Agent Orange.”,Mention should be made of the VAVA's involvement in the lawsuit of Tran Thi To Nga, a French woman of Vietnamese origin, against US chemical companies that produced dioxin intended for use by the military during the Vietnam War. Although the trial lasted seven years, the case was not completed. Tran Thi To Nga continued to file lawsuits in Paris’ higher courts.,Now, offices of the Vietnam Association for the Victims of Agent Orange/Dioxin, led mostly by war veterans, are active in all 63 provinces and central cities of the country, as well as at the level of more than 600 districts and more than 6,000 communes.,“The repeated spraying over a long period of time of a large volume of toxic Agent Orange has had severe and lasting effects on the environment, ecosystems, and human health. In recent years, VAVA has collaborated in the field of detoxification and research efforts with the joint Russo-Vietnamese Research and Technology Tropical Center. Right now, dioxin concentration levels are still high or very high, especially around Da Nang, Bien Hoa, and Phu Cat airports, where toxic defoliants were stored, mixed and destroyed during the war. The Vietnam-Russia Tropical Center conducted a pollution survey in some areas near Bien Hoa Airport, but for some reason had to suspend the work. We hope for more cooperation with the tropical center in the near future in the decontamination of dioxin-contaminated sites in Vietnam,” General Dang Nam Dien said.,In conclusion, the VAVA vice president talked about the association's immediate plans.,“First, we will continue to talk about the consequences of pesticides, and encourage state and party agencies to pay more attention to the victims.,Second, we will continue to coordinate the study of the number of victims of Agent Orange, especially in the third and fourth generations.,The Vietnamese government has just revised the Merit Ordinance, but it does not yet include measures to help third generation victims of Agent Orange. We will soon ask the relevant government agencies and the National Assembly to resolve this issue as soon as possible.,WorldUS Veterans Stationed in Guam During Vietnam War Likely Exposed to Agent Orange - White Paper12 May 2020, 21:00 GMT,There are still some points to be corrected in the implementation of measures for the victims of Agent Orange, especially for the participants in the Resistance War [against the United States]. For example, people helping families with several severe victims do not have official status and rights. Insurance is voluntary, like health insurance. We want them to have a voice in the discussion and application of state measures. If a victim of Agent Orange has deceased parents, he or she should be taken into the custody of the state, not the community, as was the case in the past. These are the issues where VAVA should actively participate.”,Finding resources is also a major challenge facing VAVA in the near future, especially with regard to business. Despite numerous efforts over the two years of the pandemic, the results of this work have diminished.,“For this reason, we are striving to introduce new forms of activities, expand the scope of campaigns, and cooperate with businesses and benefactors, especially small and medium-sized enterprises, paying special attention to young people who are passionate about volunteer work,” Dang Nam Dien stressed.。标准规定了汽车密码应用技术要求及同一型式判定，并描述了相应的试验方法。其中最核心的要求之一是安全启动密码应用，车辆需通过密码技术确保在上电或重启过程中加载的软件组件真实、完整、可信，防止固件、引导程序、操作系统或关键应用软件被非法篡改、替换或伪造后运行。换言之，车辆每次上电启动时，软件系统都要先过一道“密码验真”关卡，逐级校验各层启动组件的合法性，任何一层被篡改都将被拦截。测试方法也相当硬核，测试人员需依次尝试替换固件、引导程序、操作系统、关键应用软件等启动组件镜像，上电启动车辆，检测车辆系统是否具备逐级安全启动校验流程。该标准还涵盖车载软件升级（OTA）场景，要求车辆使用车载软件升级系统进行软件升级时，应采用密码技术对升级包进行真实性和完整性验证，确保升级过程中不被注入恶意代码。标准适用于指导、规范汽车整车及零部件产品密码应用的设计、开发、测试验证，涵盖总体框架、通用要求、安全要求等内容。据悉，此次强制性国标的出台，意味着汽车软件安全将从“企业自律”迈向“强制合规”，未来所有在中国市场销售的车型都必须满足密码应用技术要求。

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